What is a Spiritual Awakening?

A spiritual awakening is a profound experience that transforms one's perception of life, self, and the universe. It's not just a trend or a buzzword; it's a journey that has been explored and revered by many cultures and spiritual traditions throughout history. But what exactly is a spiritual awakening? How does it happen, and what does it mean for the individual? In this blog post, we will delve into the essence of a spiritual awakening, exploring its signs, stages, and the impact it can have on one's life.
 

The Essence of a Spiritual Awakening
 

At its core, a spiritual awakening is an expansion of consciousness that leads to a deeper understanding of the true nature of existence. It's a shift from living in a limited, ego-driven reality to recognizing the interconnectedness of all things. This awakening often brings a sense of inner peace, heightened awareness, and a realization that there is more to life than the material world.
 

The term "awakening" implies that the individual was previously "asleep" in a sense--living in a state of ignorance or disconnection from their true self and the universe. When someone undergoes a spiritual awakening, they begin to question their beliefs, values, and the way they perceive the world. This can lead to a profound transformation, where old patterns and limiting beliefs are shed, making way for a more authentic and aligned way of living.
 

Spiritual awakenings can be triggered by various events, such as a personal crisis, loss, or even a moment of deep reflection. However, they can also occur spontaneously, without any clear cause, as a natural progression of one's spiritual journey.
 

Common Signs of a Spiritual Awakening
 

Spiritual awakenings manifest differently for everyone, but there are common signs that many people experience during this process. Understanding these signs can help one recognize if they are undergoing a spiritual awakening:
 

1. Heightened Awareness: You become more attuned to your thoughts, emotions, and surroundings. Everyday experiences may take on new significance, and you may begin to notice patterns and synchronicities that you previously overlooked.
 

2. Desire for Solitude: As you become more introspective, you might feel a strong pull toward spending time alone. This solitude allows for deep reflection and connection with your inner self.
 

3. Shift in Values and Beliefs: Long-held beliefs may begin to feel outdated or irrelevant. You might find yourself questioning societal norms and seeking out new philosophies or spiritual practices.
 

4. Increased Compassion and Empathy: A spiritual awakening often brings a heightened sense of compassion and empathy for others. You may feel a deeper connection to all living beings and a desire to contribute positively to the world.
 

5. Inner Peace and Contentment: Despite external circumstances, you may begin to experience a sense of inner peace and contentment. This tranquility often stems from a deeper understanding of life's impermanence and the realization that true happiness comes from within.
 

The Stages of a Spiritual Awakening
 

A spiritual awakening is a process that unfolds in stages, each bringing its own challenges and revelations. While the journey is unique for each individual, the following stages are commonly experienced:
 

1. The Crisis: Often referred to as the "dark night of the soul," this stage involves a deep sense of disillusionment and existential questioning. You may feel lost, confused, or disconnected from your previous way of life. This crisis is a necessary part of the process, as it prompts you to seek deeper meaning and understanding.
 

2. The Search for Answers: After the initial crisis, you may begin actively seeking answers to life's big questions. This stage often involves exploring different spiritual practices, philosophies, and teachings. You are driven by a desire to understand the true nature of reality and your place within it.
 

3. The Awakening: This is the moment of realization, where the veil is lifted, and you begin to see life from a new perspective. You may experience profound insights, a sense of unity with the universe, and a deep connection to your true self. This stage can be accompanied by feelings of joy, peace, and liberation.
 

4. The Integration: After the awakening, the challenge lies in integrating this new awareness into your daily life. This stage involves applying the insights and wisdom gained during the awakening to create a more authentic and fulfilling life. It's a time of balancing the spiritual with the material, and finding harmony between the two.
 

5. The Return to Self: The final stage is a return to a more balanced state of being, where the awakened consciousness becomes a natural part of your everyday life. You move forward with a sense of purpose, clarity, and inner peace, living in alignment with your true self.
 

The Impact of a Spiritual Awakening
 

The impact of a spiritual awakening is profound and far-reaching, affecting every aspect of one's life. Relationships may change as you become more authentic and align with people who resonate with your new way of being. Your career and hobbies may shift as you seek work that is meaningful and fulfilling. Even your perception of time, space, and reality may alter as you begin to live more in the present moment.
 

On a deeper level, a spiritual awakening can lead to a sense of unity with the universe, where the boundaries between self and other begin to dissolve. This experience of oneness brings a deep sense of peace, love, and compassion, not only for yourself but for all beings.
 

Conclusion
 

A spiritual awakening is a transformative journey that can lead to profound personal growth and a deeper understanding of life's true nature. While it can be challenging, especially during the early stages, the rewards are immense--greater inner peace, clarity, and a sense of purpose. Whether triggered by a crisis or unfolding gradually, a spiritual awakening invites you to step beyond the limitations of the ego and connect with the boundless, interconnected reality of the universe. Embrace the journey, for it is one of the most fulfilling paths you can take in life.

Exploring the Shamanic State of Consciousness

Shamanism, one of the world's oldest spiritual practices, is rooted in the belief that there is more to reality than what meets the eye. Practiced by indigenous cultures across the globe, shamanism involves a deep connection with the spirit world. Central to this practice is the shamanic state of consciousness (SSC), a unique altered state that allows shamans to journey beyond the ordinary, accessing realms that provide healing, guidance, and wisdom. In this blog post, we'll explore what the shamanic state of consciousness is, how it is achieved, and the profound impact it can have on both individuals and communities.
 

What is SSC?
 

The shamanic state of consciousness is an altered state in which the practitioner experiences a shift in perception and awareness, enabling them to connect with the spiritual realms. This state is often induced through various techniques, such as drumming, chanting, dancing, fasting, or the use of entheogenic plants. In this altered state, the shaman becomes a bridge between the physical world and the spiritual world, communicating with spirits, ancestors, and other non-ordinary beings.
 

Unlike other altered states of consciousness, such as those induced by meditation or psychedelics, the shamanic state is intentional and controlled. Shamans are trained to enter and exit this state at will, maintaining full awareness and control during their journeys. This intentionality allows them to navigate the spiritual realms with purpose, seeking out specific information or performing healing rituals.
 

Techniques to Induce SSC
 

Shamans use various techniques to enter the shamanic state of consciousness, each tailored to the cultural and spiritual context of their practice. Here are some of the most common methods:
 

1. Drumming and Rhythmic Sounds: Drumming is perhaps the most widely recognized technique for inducing SSC. The repetitive, monotonous beat of a drum, typically played at around four to seven beats per second, can shift brainwave patterns from the normal waking state (beta) to a more relaxed and receptive state (theta). This shift in brainwave patterns is crucial for entering the SSC, as it opens the door to non-ordinary realities.
 

2. Chanting and Singing: Chanting or singing specific songs or mantras can also alter consciousness. The vibrations created by the voice, combined with the focused intention of the chant, help to quiet the mind and facilitate entry into the spiritual realms. These vocal techniques often carry spiritual significance, with the words or sounds used believed to have inherent power.
 

3. Dancing and Movement: Certain forms of dance, especially those involving repetitive movements and rhythms, can induce a trance-like state conducive to shamanic journeying. The act of dancing, when combined with music or chanting, helps to break down the barriers between the physical and spiritual worlds, allowing the shaman to enter SSC.
 

4. Fasting and Sensory Deprivation: Fasting and sensory deprivation are ancient methods used to alter consciousness. Depriving the body of food or external stimuli can weaken the ego's grip on reality, making it easier for the shaman to access the spiritual realms. These practices are often accompanied by solitude, further enhancing the shaman’s ability to focus inward and journey into non-ordinary realities.
 

5. Use of Entheogenic Plants: In some shamanic traditions, the use of entheogenic plants like ayahuasca, peyote, or psilocybin mushrooms is central to inducing SSC. These plants are considered sacred, and their consumption is often surrounded by ritual and ceremony. The altered states induced by these plants are powerful, often leading to profound spiritual experiences and insights.
 

The Purpose and Benefits of SSC
 

The shamanic state of consciousness is not pursued for mere entertainment or escape. It serves a higher purpose within the context of shamanism, providing a means to heal, gain wisdom, and restore balance in the community.
 

1. Healing: Healing is one of the primary reasons shamans enter SSC. In this state, they can communicate with spirits, diagnose illnesses, and retrieve lost souls or energies. The shamanic belief is that many physical and mental illnesses have spiritual roots, and by addressing these spiritual causes, the shaman can facilitate profound healing.
 

2. Guidance and Wisdom: Shamans often journey into SSC to seek guidance for themselves or others. This guidance can come in many forms, such as visions, messages from spirits, or encounters with power animals or ancestors. The wisdom gained from these journeys is then brought back to the ordinary world, where it can be used to help others or guide the shaman in their spiritual practice.
 

3. Restoring Balance: In many indigenous cultures, shamans play a crucial role in maintaining the balance between the physical and spiritual worlds. By entering SSC, they can identify and correct imbalances in the community, whether these are caused by negative energies, disharmonious relationships, or disruptions in the natural world. Through rituals and ceremonies performed in the SSC, shamans work to restore harmony and ensure the well-being of their people.
 

Modern Applications of SSC
 

In recent years, there has been a growing interest in shamanic practices, including the use of the shamanic state of consciousness, among those seeking spiritual growth and healing in the modern world. Workshops, retreats, and online courses offer individuals the opportunity to learn shamanic techniques and experience SSC for themselves. While traditional shamanic practices are rooted in specific cultural contexts, modern practitioners often adapt these techniques to fit contemporary spiritual needs. This includes integrating shamanic journeying with other forms of spiritual practice, such as meditation, yoga, or psychotherapy. The benefits of entering SSC, such as deepened self-awareness, healing, and spiritual insight, resonate with many people seeking to reconnect with their spiritual selves in a meaningful way.
 

Conclusion
 

The shamanic state of consciousness offers a profound opportunity to journey beyond the ordinary and access realms of reality that are normally hidden from view. Through techniques like drumming, chanting, dancing, and the use of entheogenic plants, shamanic practitioners can enter these altered states at will, using them for healing, guidance, and restoring balance. As interest in shamanism continues to grow in the modern world, more people are discovering the transformative power of these ancient practices, finding ways to integrate them into their own spiritual journeys. Whether you are a seasoned spiritual seeker or simply curious about the mysteries of the mind, exploring the shamanic state of consciousness can open doors to new levels of understanding and connection with the spiritual world.

Healing through Storytelling

Storytelling has been a fundamental part of human experience for thousands of years. From ancient myths passed down through generations to modern novels and films, stories have shaped our understanding of the world and ourselves. However, storytelling is more than just a way to entertain or pass on knowledge--it can also be a profound tool for healing. By sharing our stories, we can confront and process our emotions, connect with others, and ultimately find a path to recovery and growth. In this blog post, we'll explore the ways in which storytelling can be a powerful force for healing.
 

The Therapeutic Power of Storytelling
 

Storytelling has a unique ability to tap into our emotions and bring about psychological healing. When we tell our stories, we give voice to our experiences, which can help us make sense of them. Many of us walk around in a fog of past events that we never fully understood or processed. When we tell our stories, we create an ordered pattern out of past events, and thereby construct meaning. We form a clearer understanding of who we are and how we got to where we are. 

 

This process is particularly powerful in dealing with trauma. Trauma can often leave individuals feeling isolated, misunderstood, and overwhelmed by emotions that seem too complex to articulate. By telling their stories, individuals can begin to organize their thoughts, express their emotions, and gain a sense of control over their experiences.
 

One form of storytelling that has gained recognition for its therapeutic benefits is narrative therapy. Developed in the 1980s by Michael White and David Epston, narrative therapy encourages individuals to tell their stories in a way that separates their identity from their problems. This allows them to reframe their experiences, recognize their strengths, and see themselves as empowered agents in their own lives rather than victims of circumstances.
 

In addition to narrative therapy, journaling is another powerful form of storytelling that can facilitate healing. Writing about our experiences, especially traumatic ones, can help us process emotions and gain insight into our thoughts and feelings. Studies have shown that expressive writing can lead to reductions in stress, anxiety, and depression, and can even have physical health benefits, such as improved immune function.
 

Building Connections Through Shared Stories
 

Storytelling not only helps us heal individually, but it can also foster connection and support among people. When we share our stories with others, we open ourselves up to empathy and understanding. Our stories allow us to be known and seen, understood and appreciated. This can be particularly important for those who feel isolated by their experiences. For example, support groups often rely on storytelling as a means of building community among individuals facing similar challenges. By hearing others' stories, individuals may realize that they are not alone in their struggles, which can provide comfort and reduce feelings of isolation.
 

Moreover, storytelling in groups can create a sense of solidarity and shared purpose. This is evident in many cultural traditions where communal storytelling is used to pass down wisdom, strengthen bonds, and maintain a sense of identity. For example, Indigenous communities often use storytelling as a way to preserve their history, values, and traditions, which helps maintain a strong sense of community and continuity.
 

In the digital age, online platforms and social media have expanded the reach of storytelling, allowing people to connect with others across the globe. Blogs, podcasts, and online forums provide spaces where individuals can share their stories and find support from a wider audience. This global exchange of stories has the potential to break down barriers, increase understanding, and build empathy among people from diverse backgrounds.
 

Storytelling as a Tool for Advocacy and Social Change
 

Beyond personal healing, storytelling can also be a powerful tool for advocacy and social change. By sharing their stories, individuals can raise awareness about important issues, challenge stereotypes, and inspire others to take action. This is particularly important for marginalized communities whose voices have historically been silenced or ignored.
 

One powerful example of storytelling as advocacy is the #MeToo movement, where survivors of sexual harassment and assault shared their stories, sparking a global conversation about gender-based violence. The collective power of these stories not only brought attention to a pervasive issue but also led to concrete changes, such as policy reforms and increased accountability for perpetrators.
 

Similarly, storytelling has been a key element in the civil rights movement, LGBTQ+ rights activism, and other social justice movements. By bringing personal experiences to the forefront, these stories humanize the issues at hand and create a sense of urgency for change.
 

Storytelling in the Healing Professions
 

Recognizing the healing power of storytelling, many professionals in the fields of healthcare, psychology, and social work are incorporating storytelling into their practices. For instance, narrative medicine is an approach that encourages healthcare providers to listen to their patients' stories as a way to better understand their experiences and provide more empathetic care. This approach acknowledges that patients are not just a collection of symptoms but individuals with unique stories that shape their health and well-being.
 

Similarly, in social work and counseling, practitioners often use storytelling to help clients explore their identities, build resilience, and find meaning in their experiences. By encouraging clients to tell their stories, practitioners can help them process their emotions, identify patterns in their behavior, and develop strategies for coping and growth.

Conclusion: Embracing the Healing Journey Through Storytelling

Storytelling is a deeply human practice that has the power to heal, connect, and transform. Whether through narrative therapy, journaling, group sharing, or advocacy, storytelling allows us to make sense of our experiences, connect with others, and find a path forward. In a world where many feel isolated and disconnected, storytelling reminds us of our shared humanity and the potential for growth and healing that lies within each of us. By embracing the power of storytelling, we can not only heal ourselves but also contribute to the healing of our communities and the broader society. What's your story?

Exploring Secular Spirituality and Wellbeing

In an increasingly secular world, where traditional religious affiliations are declining, people are exploring new ways to experience spirituality and enhance their wellbeing. This quest for meaning, connection, and inner peace outside of conventional religious frameworks has led to the rise of what is often referred to as "secular spirituality." Unlike traditional spirituality, which is rooted in religious beliefs and practices, secular spirituality is about finding personal meaning and purpose in life, often through mindfulness, self-reflection, and connection with others. This blog post will explore the concept of secular spirituality, its impact on wellbeing, and practical ways to cultivate it in everyday life.

 

Understanding Secular Spirituality
 

Secular spirituality is a broad and inclusive concept that can be difficult to define because it encompasses a wide range of beliefs and practices. At its core, secular spirituality involves a deep sense of connection to oneself, others, and the universe, without the need for religious dogma. It emphasizes personal growth, self-awareness, and a commitment to living a meaningful life.
 

Key elements of secular spirituality include:
 

1. Mindfulness and Presence: Secular spirituality often involves practices like mindfulness, which focus on being present in the moment and fully engaging with one's surroundings. This heightened awareness can lead to a greater appreciation for life and a deeper understanding of one's inner self.
 

2. Connection with Nature: Many people find spiritual fulfillment in nature. Whether it's a walk in the park, a hike in the mountains, or simply sitting by the ocean, nature provides a space for reflection, peace, and a sense of belonging to something greater than oneself.
 

3. Ethical Living and Compassion: Secular spirituality is often tied to a commitment to ethical living. This includes cultivating compassion, empathy, and kindness towards others, as well as striving to make a positive impact on the world.
 

4. Personal Growth and Self-Reflection: Secular spirituality encourages individuals to embark on a journey of self-discovery and personal growth. This might involve practices such as journaling, meditation, or engaging in meaningful conversations that challenge and expand one's perspective.
 

The Link Between Secular Spirituality and Wellbeing
 

The relationship between spirituality and wellbeing has been extensively studied, with evidence suggesting that spiritual practices, even in a secular context, can significantly enhance one's mental, emotional, and physical health. Here are some ways in which secular spirituality contributes to overall wellbeing:
 

1. Improved Mental Health: Engaging in spiritual practices such as mindfulness meditation has been shown to reduce symptoms of anxiety, depression, and stress. These practices help individuals develop a greater sense of inner peace and emotional stability, which are crucial for mental health.
 

2. Enhanced Emotional Resilience: Secular spirituality can help individuals build emotional resilience by fostering a deeper understanding of themselves and their emotions. This self-awareness enables people to cope better with life's challenges and maintain a positive outlook, even in difficult times.
 

3. Greater Sense of Purpose: One of the key aspects of secular spirituality is the search for meaning and purpose. Having a clear sense of purpose is closely linked to wellbeing, as it provides direction, motivation, and a reason to get out of bed each day.
 

4. Stronger Relationships: Secular spirituality often emphasizes connection with others, whether through acts of compassion, community involvement, or simply being present with loved ones. Strong, supportive relationships are a cornerstone of wellbeing, offering emotional support, love, and a sense of belonging.
 

5. Physical Health Benefits: While the connection between spirituality and physical health may seem less obvious, practices such as meditation and mindful living have been associated with better physical health outcomes, including lower blood pressure, improved immune function, and reduced inflammation.
 

Practical Ways to Cultivate Secular Spirituality
 

Cultivating secular spirituality doesn't require adherence to any particular belief system or religious practice. Instead, it involves finding practices and routines that resonate with you personally and contribute to your overall sense of wellbeing. Here are some practical ways to integrate secular spirituality into your daily life:
 

1. Practice Mindfulness Meditation: Set aside a few minutes each day for mindfulness meditation. To practice mindful meditation, simply focus on your breath and observe whatever comes up without judgment or attachment. Just breathe naturally and focus your attention on where you feel your breath in your body. It may be in your abdomen, chest, throat or nostrils. As you do this, your mind may start to wander. This is perfectly natural. Just notice that your mind has wandered, and then gently redirect your attention back to the breathing.

2. Try Drum Meditation: Drumming is perhaps the oldest form of active meditation known to humanity. It is a simple and effortless way to still the chatter of the mind, thereby inducing altered states of consciousness. It is one of the quickest and most powerful ways I know to open the heart and connect with a power greater than ourselves.

3. Spend Time in Nature: Make time to connect with nature regularly. Whether it's a daily walk, a weekend hike, or simply sitting in a garden, being in nature can provide a sense of peace and spiritual renewal. Take in the beauty of nature with all of your senses. Breathe in the colors, shapes and textures. Immerse yourself in the sights, sounds and smells. Allow the natural world to ground you in the present moment.

4. Engage in Self-Reflection: Journaling, reflective reading, or simply spending quiet time in thought can help you explore your values, beliefs, and what gives your life meaning. Journaling is a contemplative practice that can help you become more aware of your inner life and feel more connected to your experiences and the world around you.

5. Foster Compassion and Kindness: Make a conscious effort to cultivate compassion in your daily interactions. This might involve volunteering, helping a neighbor, or simply offering a listening ear to someone in need. Through our efforts to develop divine qualities in ourselves, such as love, kindness, forgiveness, gratitude, compassion and empathy, we become a beacon of light for others.

6. Explore Creative Expression: Engaging in creative activities such as writing, painting, or playing music can be a powerful way to express your inner self and connect with something greater than yourself. Creative expression helps you claim a conscious identity, grounding you in a firm sense of self. It helps you find your own unique voice. Through creative pursuits, you begin to make meaning of your life.

7. Seek Community and Connection: Surround yourself with like-minded individuals who share your values and interests. This could be through joining a community group, participating in local events, or simply nurturing close relationships with friends and family. Through honest seeking and compassionate sharing, we can weave our threads of wisdom together to create a whole tapestry.

 

Embracing Secular Spirituality for a Fulfilling Life
 

Secular spirituality offers a path to wellbeing that is accessible to everyone, regardless of religious belief or lack thereof. By focusing on personal growth, ethical living, and a deep connection with oneself and the world, secular spirituality can lead to a more fulfilling and meaningful life. Whether through mindfulness, connection with nature, or fostering compassion, the practices associated with secular spirituality can enhance both mental and physical wellbeing, providing a sense of purpose and inner peace in a fast-paced, modern world.
 

As you explore your own spiritual journey, remember that there is no right or wrong way to practice secular spirituality. The key is to find what resonates with you and integrates those practices into your daily life, helping you to live with greater intention, connection, and joy.

World Wilderness Congress Focuses on Indigenous Knowledge

"Humanity stands at a crossroads and must come together to realize dramatically different and supportive relationships with one another, the Earth, and all life on the planet, if we are to surmount cascading ecological and social crises now underway."

That was the message of Chief Arvol Looking Horse, the spiritual leader of the Lakota, Dakota, and Nakota peoples, who on Sunday welcomed hundreds of attendees to the 12th World Wilderness Congress convening this week in the Black Hills, or He Sapa in the Lakota language. Though these gatherings, dedicated to assessing and often resetting global conservation work, date back to the 1970s, this is the first such congress being convened by a tribal authority. The agenda is dedicated heavily to centering Indigenous perspectives in the global struggle to protect wild lands and waters.

Indigenous peoples articulate alternative environmental perspectives and relationships to the natural world. Indigenous mythologies and oral traditions express a non-anthropocentric environmental ethic. Indigenous groups offer ancient tried-and-tested knowledge and wisdom based on their own locally developed practices of resource use. And, as Native peoples themselves have insisted for centuries, they often understand and exhibit a holistic, interconnected and interdependent relationship to particular landscapes and all of the life forms found there. Despite making up a tiny fraction of the world's population, Indigenous peoples hold ancestral rights to some 65 percent of the planet. This poignant fact conveys the enormous role that Native peoples play not only as environmental stewards, but as political actors on the global stage.

All over the world, Native peoples are engaged in battles with hostile corporations and governments that claim the right to set aside small reserves for Native people, and then to seize the rest of their traditional territory. They are confronting the destructive practices of industry and leading the charge against climate change while defending the rivers, forests and food systems that we all depend on. At the same time, they are blocking governments from eroding basic rights and freedoms and turning to the courts of the world to remedy 500 years of historical wrongs. Native peoples are putting their lives on the line and fighting back for political autonomy and land rights. And all the while, they are breathing new life into the biocultural heritage that has the potential to sustain the entire human race.

Looking Horse, the 19th Keeper of the Sacred White Buffalo Calf Pipe and Bundle, is as revered among the original people of this land as the Dalai Lama is by the people of Tibet or the Pope for Catholics around the world.

"We warned that some day you would not be able to control what you had created. And that day is here. Mother Earth is sick and has a fever," Looking Horse told the group assembled from nations, tribes, and communities across the world.

The chills of that "fever"--the accelerating shocks of climate destabilization caused by centuries of colonial extraction, fossil fuel combustion, and ecological destruction--rocked communities around the world in 2023, with 2024 continuing to break heat records. A "State of the Climate" report that drew on the work of nearly 600 scientists pointed to unprecedented levels of greenhouse gasses in the atmosphere as the cause of Earth's overheating. Records were similarly broken for ocean heat, sea-ice loss, and sea-level rise. In all, industrially-driven global warming exposed nearly 80 percent of the people on the planet to at least 31 days of extreme heat, another study found. This level of heat was virtually impossible if not for the burning of fossil fuels and development-driven deforestation, Climate Central researchers have reminded us.

But organizers and attendees at WILD12 aren't there to haggle over carbon credits or debate the benefits and risks of carbon capture technologies and blue hydrogen, the substance of so many climate gatherings and debates. Instead, The WILD Foundation, through decades of international gatherings, aims to interrupt one driver of climate crisis that gets far less air time than carbon emissions: the global loss of the planet's wild spaces, which for millions of years have served as the planet's lungs and carbon sinks.

Yet even conservation spaces and agendas have offered a shallow understanding of problems and solutions, overlooking the deeper cultural--and thus colonial--roots of ecological collapse. What makes this year's congress so significant is its aim to reformulate the global conservation agenda not only by placing Indigenous leadership at the forefront of conservation action, but more foundationally, by centering Indigenous knowledge and worldviews in understandings of what Western cultures call wilderness.

In other words, the cultural roots of the collapse of our shared biosphere lies not in the make, model, or brand of the tools we use to clearcut forests or fuel plastics production. Rather, it lies in a fundamental misunderstanding that goes all the way to the bottom of Western thought: the hierarchical dualism that imagines the "human" as both separate from and superior to "nature".

Perhaps the most important aspect of Indigenous cosmology is the conception of creation as a living process resulting in a living universe in which a kinship exists between all things. Thus the Mother Earth is a living being, as are the Sun, Stars and the Moon. Hence the Creators are our family, our Grandparents or Parents, and all of their creations are children who are also our relations.

What needs to be understood and challenged, then, is the very basic conceptual groundings of Western culture itself, which gave birth to capitalism as a global economic system for extracting profit both from the bodies of people racialized and gendered as "others" and from land, treated as a dead thing or "resource" to extract from. For it is these philosophical and economic assumptions that--especially from an Indigenous perspective--facilitated colonization and enabled the genocides, slavery, and racial capitalism that followed.

The industrialized West is largely unaware of how Indigenous societies have functioned and the strengths they possess that industrial cultures have lacked. Our notions of progress are based on the idea that high tech means better, and that industrial cultures are somehow more advanced socially. The current state of our threatened environment demands that communication channels be opened for dialogue and engagement with Native environmental ethics. Native people are not only trying to protect water sources, clean up uranium tailings and mount opposition to fossil fuel extraction, they are also continuing their spiritual ways of seeking to celebrate and support all life by means of ceremonies and prayers.