Animism vs. Shamanism

Throughout human history, our relationship with the natural world has shaped our spiritual beliefs and practices. Two of the most ancient and influential systems that reflect this connection are animism and shamanism. While they share a deep reverence for nature and spiritual forces, animism and shamanism are distinct in their principles, roles, and practices. This blog post explores the similarities and differences between the two, offering insights into their cultural significance and their relevance in modern times.
 

Understanding Animism
 

Animism is often considered the most ancient spiritual worldview, one that sees all aspects of the natural world--trees, rivers, animals, rocks, and even the wind--as alive and imbued with spirit. Derived from the Latin word anima meaning "soul" or "spirit," animism is not tied to any specific religion but is a characteristic found in many indigenous and traditional belief systems.
 

At its core, animism holds that:
 

1. Everything Has a Spirit: Objects in the natural world are not just material entities; they have a spiritual essence or consciousness.
 

2. Interconnectedness: Humans are not separate from nature but part of an intricate web of life. This fosters a sense of respect and responsibility for the environment.
 

3. Personalized Relationship with Nature: Individuals and communities may form bonds with specific spirits, such as a guardian tree or a river that sustains their livelihood.
 

Animistic beliefs are prevalent in various cultures, from the tribes of the Amazon rainforest to the indigenous peoples of Australia and the Arctic. This worldview encourages sustainable living and ethical interaction with the natural world, as harming nature is equivalent to harming spiritual beings.
 

Understanding Shamanism
 

Shamanism, like animism, is an ancient tradition that emphasizes the spiritual dimension of life. However, it is primarily a practice rather than a worldview. Shamanism focuses on individuals who act as intermediaries between the physical and spiritual worlds--known as shamans.
 

Key features of shamanism include:
 

1. The Role of the Shaman: Shamans are spiritual leaders who undertake journeys into non-ordinary reality to gain insight, heal illnesses, or communicate with spirits. They are chosen through spiritual calling, lineage, or extraordinary events.
 

2. Rituals and Techniques: Shamanic practices involve altered states of consciousness achieved through drumming, chanting, fasting, or the use of psychoactive plants. These rituals facilitate connection with the spirit world.
 

3. Healing and Guidance: Shamans serve their community by restoring balance--whether it's physical, emotional, or spiritual. They are mediators, healers, and sometimes diviners.
 

Shamanism exists in diverse cultures, from the Sami people of Scandinavia to the tribes of Siberia and Central Asia. While the specifics vary, the universal role of the shaman is to navigate unseen realms for the benefit of the community.
 

Key Similarities Between Animism and Shamanism
 

Despite their differences, animism and shamanism share common ground. Both are rooted in a profound connection to the natural world and the belief in spiritual forces. Here are a few shared characteristics:
 

1. Recognition of the Spiritual World: Both systems acknowledge that the physical world is interwoven with spiritual dimensions.
 

2. Nature as Sacred: The natural environment is seen as a source of wisdom, power, and sustenance, deserving of respect and reverence.
 

3. Practical Benefits: Animism and shamanism are not abstract philosophies but practical systems that guide daily life, decision-making, and communal well-being.
 

Key Differences Between Animism and Shamanism
 

The distinction between animism and shamanism becomes clearer when examining their roles and focus:
 

1. Worldview vs. Practice: Animism is a worldview or philosophy that permeates a community's way of life, while shamanism is a specialized practice performed by individuals with unique spiritual abilities.
 

2. Role of the Practitioner: In animistic traditions, every person can engage with spirits through rituals or offerings. In shamanism, the shaman is a designated figure with the expertise to interact with the spirit world on a deeper level.
 

3. Community vs. Individual Focus: Animism emphasizes collective harmony with nature, while shamanism often revolves around the shaman's personal journey and responsibility as a mediator.
 

Cultural Context and Evolution
 

Both animism and shamanism are deeply embedded in the cultural and environmental contexts from which they arise. For example, animistic beliefs in the Amazon reflect the biodiversity and abundance of that region, with spirits associated with every plant and animal. In Siberian shamanism, harsh climates and survival challenges shape rituals focused on protection and healing.
 

As societies evolve, so do these traditions. In many modern contexts, animistic beliefs are integrated into environmental activism, emphasizing the sanctity of ecosystems. Shamanic practices have also found resonance in contemporary spirituality, particularly among those seeking holistic healing or connection to ancestral wisdom.
 

Relevance in the Modern World
 

In today's world, where environmental crises and spiritual disconnection are prevalent, animism and shamanism offer profound lessons:
 

1. Ecological Awareness: Animism reminds us to honor and protect the natural world as a living entity, promoting sustainable practices and deeper environmental stewardship.
 

2. Healing and Balance: Shamanic techniques for spiritual healing and stress relief are increasingly popular in wellness movements, reflecting their timeless relevance.
 

3. Cultural Preservation: Understanding and respecting these traditions enriches our appreciation of diverse cultures and their contributions to global heritage.
 

Conclusion
 

While animism and shamanism originate from ancient traditions, their principles remain remarkably pertinent in the 21st century. Animism teaches us to see the soul in all things, fostering respect for nature and interconnectedness. Shamanism, on the other hand, provides tools and practices for navigating the spiritual realms, offering guidance, healing, and balance.
 

By exploring these traditions, we not only connect with our ancestral roots but also gain inspiration for living harmoniously with the world around us. Whether as philosophies, practices, or lifestyles, animism and shamanism remind us of the sacredness of existence and the enduring power of the human spirit to bridge the seen and unseen worlds.

What is Shamanic Healing?

Shamanic healing is an ancient spiritual practice that has been utilized by various cultures around the world for thousands of years. Rooted in the belief that everything in the universe is interconnected, shamanic healing focuses on balancing the mind, body, and spirit. It is not confined to a particular religion or cultural group; instead, it draws on universal principles and practices that transcend geographical and cultural boundaries. This blog post will delve into what shamanic healing is, its origins, techniques, and the benefits it can offer to those who seek it.
 

Origins and History of Shamanic Healing
 

The practice of shamanism is believed to date back to prehistoric times, with evidence suggesting it was practiced by hunter-gatherer societies as early as 40,000 years ago. The word "shaman" itself originates from the Tungus tribe in Siberia and translates to "one who knows" or "healer." However, the role of shamans and shamanic practices can be found in indigenous cultures across Asia, Africa, the Americas, and Europe.
 

Shamans are considered mediators between the physical and spiritual worlds. They are believed to have the ability to enter altered states of consciousness, which allows them to communicate with spirits, ancestors, and other supernatural entities. This ability is traditionally used to diagnose and treat illness, guide the community, and provide insight into life's challenges.
 

Core Principles of Shamanic Healing
 

At the heart of shamanic healing is the belief that all illnesses--whether physical, emotional, or spiritual--are a result of imbalance or disharmony within an individual's life. Shamans view health as a state of balance among the body's energies, the environment, and the spiritual realm. The following principles are fundamental to shamanic healing:
 

1. Interconnectedness: Shamans believe that everything in the universe is connected. This includes humans, animals, plants, the earth, and spiritual beings. Disruptions in these connections can lead to health problems, which shamanic healing aims to address.
 

2. The Spirit World: Shamans believe in a world beyond the physical, inhabited by spirits that can influence the material world. These spirits can be allies, guides, or even sources of illness. By interacting with these spiritual beings, shamans seek to restore balance.
 

3. Soul Retrieval: A common belief in shamanic healing is that part of a person's soul may become fragmented or lost due to trauma or significant emotional events. This soul loss is thought to result in illness or feelings of disconnection. Soul retrieval is a healing practice used to restore these lost fragments.
 

4. Energy Healing: Shamans work with the energy fields of individuals, often referred to as the aura or life force, to remove negative energies or blockages that are causing disharmony.
 

Techniques Used in Shamanic Healing
 

Shamanic healing encompasses a variety of techniques, each tailored to the needs of the individual seeking help. Some of the most common methods include:
 

1. Journeying: Shamanic journeying is a meditative practice that involves entering an altered state of consciousness to connect with the spiritual realm. Shamans use rhythmic drumming, chanting, or other repetitive sounds to achieve this state. During the journey, they seek guidance, healing, and insight from spirit guides or power animals.
 

2. Extraction Healing: This technique involves the removal of negative energies or spiritual intrusions that are causing harm. The shaman identifies and extracts these energies, which are often described as dense or dark entities, using their hands, breath, or specialized tools.
 

3. Soul Retrieval: As mentioned earlier, soul retrieval is a core practice in shamanic healing. The shaman travels to the spiritual realm to recover lost fragments of a person's soul and reintegrate them into the individual's body, helping them feel more whole and connected.
 

4. Power Animal Retrieval: In shamanic belief, each person has spirit animals that provide protection and guidance. If a person feels lost, weak, or unbalanced, it might indicate that they have lost connection with their power animal. A shaman can help retrieve and reconnect an individual with their power animal.
 

5. Divination: This practice involves seeking insight and guidance from the spirit world about specific questions or challenges. The shaman acts as a conduit for the messages from the spiritual realm, offering clarity and direction to the individual.
 

6. Plant Medicine: In some shamanic traditions, plant medicines such as ayahuasca, peyote, or other entheogens are used to facilitate healing and spiritual experiences. These plants are considered sacred and are used under the guidance of experienced shamans to explore deeper levels of consciousness.
 

The Benefits of Shamanic Healing
 

Shamanic healing offers numerous benefits that extend beyond physical health. It provides a holistic approach to well-being by addressing the emotional, mental, and spiritual aspects of an individual. Some of the reported benefits include:
 

1. Emotional Healing: By addressing past traumas and releasing emotional blockages, shamanic healing can bring a sense of peace and emotional stability. It helps individuals confront and release repressed emotions, leading to healing and transformation.
 

2. Spiritual Growth: Shamanic practices can enhance one's connection to the spiritual world, offering a greater understanding of life's purpose and a deeper sense of meaning and fulfillment.
 

3. Enhanced Self-Awareness: Through practices like journeying and soul retrieval, individuals gain insights into their inner selves, discovering hidden aspects of their personality and unlocking their true potential.
 

4. Stress Reduction and Mental Clarity: The meditative and grounding techniques used in shamanic healing can reduce stress, anxiety, and mental clutter, leading to improved focus and clarity.
 

5. Improved Physical Health: By restoring balance to the body's energy fields and addressing spiritual imbalances, shamanic healing can alleviate physical ailments and promote overall wellness.
 

Conclusion
 

Shamanic healing is a profound spiritual practice that offers a pathway to holistic well-being. Its ancient techniques and wisdom provide valuable insights into the interconnected nature of life, encouraging harmony between mind, body, and spirit. While it may not replace conventional medical treatments, shamanic healing can complement them, providing a unique and powerful approach to healing and personal growth. As more people seek alternative methods to improve their health and spiritual well-being, shamanic healing continues to offer a timeless and transformative experience.

Celebrating the Day of the Dead

The Day of the Dead (Día de los Muertos) is a vibrant and meaningful celebration deeply rooted in Mexican culture, dating back thousands of years to Indigenous traditions. Every year, from October 31st to November 2nd, families across Mexico and beyond come together to honor their deceased loved ones, celebrating life, death, and the enduring bond between the living and the dead.
 

This festival, while often misunderstood, is far from being a somber or morbid occasion. Instead, it's a joyous, colorful event, filled with laughter, music, and love. It is a celebration of life, the legacies of the departed, and the unbreakable connection between generations. In this post, we'll explore the origins, customs, and significance of the Day of the Dead, and why it continues to resonate around the world.
 

Origins of the Day of the Dead 

 

The roots of the Day of the Dead can be traced back to the pre-Columbian civilizations of Mesoamerica, including the Aztec, Maya, and Toltec cultures. These ancient peoples held a cyclical view of life and death, seeing them as interconnected parts of existence. Rather than fearing death, they believed that the dead remained with the living in spirit, and that death was not an end but a transition to another form of life.
 

The Aztecs, in particular, had a month-long festival dedicated to the goddess Mictecacihuatl, known as the "Lady of the Dead," who ruled over the afterlife. After the Spanish colonization in the 16th century, Catholic influences merged with Indigenous beliefs, resulting in the modern version of the Day of the Dead, which coincides with the Catholic holidays of All Saints' Day (November 1) and All Souls' Day (November 2).
 

Key Dates and Their Significance
 

The celebration of Día de los Muertos spans several days, each with its own unique significance:

• October 31st (All Hallows' Eve or Halloween): This day marks the beginning of the celebration. It is believed that on this night, the veil between the living and the dead is at its thinnest, allowing spirits to return to the earthly realm.
• November 1st (Día de los Angelitos): Known as the Day of the Little Angels, this day honors children who have passed away. Families believe that the spirits of deceased children (los angelitos) return to visit their families. Offerings and altars are prepared with toys, sweets, and food that children enjoyed during their lifetime.
• November 2nd (Día de los Difuntos): The final and most important day is dedicated to adult spirits. Families visit cemeteries, bringing food, drinks, and gifts to their loved ones' graves, decorating them with marigold flowers and candles.

Altars (Ofrendas): A Central Tradition
 

One of the most recognizable elements of the Day of the Dead is the creation of ofrendas, or altars, which are set up in homes and cemeteries to honor the deceased. These altars are not meant for worship but to welcome the spirits back to the land of the living, offering them comfort and joy during their brief return.
 

An ofrenda typically includes:

• Photographs of the deceased, serving as a visual reminder of those being honored.
• Cempasúchil (Marigold flowers), often referred to as the flower of the dead, believed to guide spirits with their bright color and strong scent.
• Candles to light the way for the spirits.
• Pan de muerto, a sweet bread baked specifically for the occasion.
• Personal items that the deceased enjoyed during their lives, such as favorite foods, drinks, or objects.
• Sugar skulls (calaveras), which are intricately decorated to represent the vitality of life.

These altars are typically adorned with papel picado (colorful, perforated paper banners) that add a sense of celebration and festivity. Families might also include small crosses or religious images as a nod to the Catholic influence on the holiday.
 

Visiting Cemeteries: A Family Affair
 

On November 2nd, families flock to cemeteries to clean and decorate the graves of their loved ones. This communal act is a powerful reminder of the connection between the living and the dead, and the enduring presence of those who have passed away. It's common to see grave sites adorned with cempasúchil flowers, candles, and photographs, while families gather to share food, reminisce, and even listen to music.
 

In many regions, families will stay in the cemetery overnight, creating a festive atmosphere filled with warmth and laughter. This act of remembrance turns the cemetery from a place of sorrow into a space of joy, where life and death coexist harmoniously.
 

Food and Symbolism
 

Food plays a central role in the Day of the Dead celebrations, and many of the dishes prepared have symbolic meaning. Some of the most popular foods include:

• Pan de muerto: This traditional sweet bread is flavored with orange blossom and anise and often decorated with bone-shaped designs on top, representing the cycle of life and death.
• Tamales: A favorite across Mexico, tamales are often prepared as offerings and shared among family members.
• Mole: A rich, complex sauce often served over chicken, symbolizing the blending of Indigenous and Spanish cultures.
• Calaveras de azúcar (Sugar skulls): These decorative skulls, made of sugar, represent the sweetness of life and the acknowledgment of death as a natural part of the human experience.
  

Sharing these foods not only honors the dead but also brings families together, reinforcing the idea that the Day of the Dead is a celebration of life.
 

Day of the Dead Beyond Mexico
 

While the Day of the Dead is most closely associated with Mexico, its influence has spread far beyond its borders. Many communities in the United States, especially in areas with large Mexican populations, celebrate the holiday with altars, parades, and public festivals. Cities like Los Angeles and San Antonio hold large-scale events that bring together people from different cultural backgrounds to celebrate life, death, and memory.
 

In recent years, the holiday has gained global recognition, in part due to its vibrant imagery and symbolism, as well as popular media representations, such as in the animated film Coco.
 

Conclusion: A Celebration of Life and Legacy
 

The Day of the Dead is much more than a holiday--it's a way of life that honors the past while celebrating the present. It is a time for reflection, remembrance, and gratitude for the lives we've shared and the people we've loved. By embracing both life and death, Día de los Muertos reminds us that love transcends time, and that the memories of those we've lost continue to shape us long after they're gone. As this beautiful tradition continues to evolve and gain recognition across the world, it serves as a powerful reminder that death is not something to fear, but rather, something to embrace as part of the universal human experience.

What is Animism?

Animism, derived from the Latin word "anima" meaning soul or breath, is a belief system that attributes spiritual essence to all things, both animate and inanimate. It is one of the oldest forms of religious beliefs and is often considered the foundation of human spirituality. This blog post explores the concept of animism, its historical context, core beliefs, and its relevance in contemporary society.

 

Historical Context
 

Animism is believed to have originated in the Paleolithic era, long before organized religions took shape. Early humans, deeply connected to their environment, perceived a living spirit in everything around them. Rocks, trees, rivers, animals, and even weather patterns were seen as imbued with spirits. This perspective fostered a profound respect for nature and a recognition of the interconnectedness of all life forms.
 

As human societies evolved, animistic beliefs laid the groundwork for many indigenous and tribal religions. Shamanism, totemism, and various forms of nature worship can be traced back to animistic principles. These practices were not merely spiritual but also integral to the social and cultural fabric of early communities.
 

Core Beliefs of Animism
 

At its heart, animism is about recognizing and respecting the spiritual essence in all things. Here are some of the core beliefs that define animistic traditions:
 

1. Spiritual Interconnectedness
 

Animists believe that everything in the universe is interconnected through a web of spiritual relationships. This includes humans, animals, plants, rocks, rivers, and even celestial bodies. The spirit or soul is not exclusive to living creatures but is inherent in all elements of nature. This interconnectedness fosters a sense of kinship and mutual respect among all entities.
 

2. Spirit Communication
 

In animistic traditions, communication with spirits is a common practice. Shamans, spiritual leaders, or medicine men and women often act as intermediaries between the human world and the spirit world. Through rituals, trances, and other practices, they seek guidance, healing, and wisdom from the spirits.
 

3. Respect for Nature
 

Animism promotes a deep respect for nature and its cycles. Natural features such as mountains, rivers, forests, and animals are revered and often considered sacred. This respect translates into sustainable practices and a harmonious relationship with the environment, emphasizing the importance of preserving natural resources.
 

4. Ancestral Worship
 

Ancestral worship is a significant aspect of animistic belief systems. Ancestors are believed to continue their existence in the spirit world, influencing and guiding the living. Rituals and offerings are made to honor and seek blessings from ancestors, maintaining a strong bond between past and present generations.
 

Animism in Different Cultures
 

Animism is not confined to a single culture or region; it is a universal belief system found across various societies. Here are a few examples of animistic traditions from different parts of the world:
 

1. Indigenous Tribes in North America
 

Many Native American tribes, such as the Lakota, Cherokee, and Navajo, hold animistic beliefs. They view the earth as a living entity and emphasize harmony with nature. The concept of "Wakan Tanka" or the Great Spirit in Lakota spirituality exemplifies the animistic belief in a life force pervading all things.
 

2. African Traditional Religions
 

In Africa, animism is prevalent among various ethnic groups. The Yoruba religion, for instance, recognizes numerous deities and spirits associated with natural elements. These spirits, known as Orishas, play a vital role in the daily lives of the Yoruba people, influencing everything from health to weather.
 

3. Shinto in Japan
 

Shinto, the indigenous religion of Japan, is deeply rooted in animistic beliefs. Kami, or spirits, inhabit natural features such as mountains, rivers, trees, and even human-made objects. Shinto practices involve rituals and offerings to honor these kami, fostering a connection between the physical and spiritual worlds.
 

4. Aboriginal Spirituality in Australia
 

Australian Aboriginal spirituality is inherently animistic. The concept of "Dreamtime" refers to the creation period when ancestral spirits shaped the land and its inhabitants. These spirits continue to exist in the natural world, and Aboriginal rituals and stories reflect their ongoing presence and influence.
 

Relevance of Animism in Contemporary Society
 

In today's world, animism may seem distant from mainstream religious practices, yet its principles remain relevant. The growing environmental movement, with its emphasis on sustainability and respect for nature, echoes animistic values. By recognizing the intrinsic value of all living and non-living things, animism offers a philosophical foundation for ecological conservation.
 

Furthermore, animism encourages mindfulness and a holistic approach to life. It reminds us to see beyond the material and acknowledge the spiritual dimensions of existence. This perspective can foster greater empathy, compassion, and a sense of responsibility toward the planet and its inhabitants.
 

Conclusion
 

Animism, with its profound respect for the spiritual essence of all things, offers timeless wisdom. It teaches us about the interconnectedness of life, the importance of respecting nature, and the value of maintaining spiritual relationships. While modern society may have moved away from animistic practices, the core beliefs continue to inspire and guide those seeking a deeper connection with the world around them. By embracing the principles of animism, we can cultivate a more harmonious and sustainable way of living, honoring the spirit that resides in every aspect of our existence.

The Shamanic Practice of Ancestral Healing

Ancestral healing is a profound aspect of shamanic practice that has been revered in various cultures worldwide for centuries. This ancient method involves connecting with the spirits of our ancestors to address and heal emotional, psychological, and spiritual wounds that are often passed down through generations. By exploring the roots of these issues, individuals can experience significant transformation and liberation from the past. In this post, we will delve into the essence of ancestral healing, its techniques, benefits, and its relevance in contemporary life.
 

Understanding Ancestral Healing
 

Ancestral healing is based on the belief that the experiences and traumas of our ancestors can influence our present lives. These influences can manifest as recurring patterns, unexplained fears, emotional blockages, or even physical ailments. Shamans or shamanic practitioners work to identify and resolve these ancestral issues to bring about holistic healing.
 

In many traditions, it is believed that ancestors continue to exist in a spiritual realm and can communicate with the living. This communication is facilitated by the shamanic practitioner, who acts as an intermediary between the physical and spiritual worlds. By engaging with the ancestors, the practitioner can uncover the source of generational traumas and help release them.
 

Techniques of Ancestral Healing
 

1. Journeying
One of the primary techniques in shamanic practice is journeying. This involves entering a trance-like state, often induced by rhythmic drumming or other repetitive sounds, to travel to the spirit world. During a journey, the practitioner may encounter ancestral spirits and gain insights into the problems affecting the individual or the family. These journeys are deeply personal and can provide powerful revelations and healing.
 

2. Rituals and Ceremonies
Rituals and ceremonies play a crucial role in ancestral healing. These practices can vary widely depending on the cultural background of the practitioner and the person seeking healing. Common elements include offerings, prayers, chants, and symbolic acts designed to honor the ancestors and seek their guidance and support. These rituals create a sacred space where healing can occur.
 

3. Healing through Storytelling
Storytelling is another potent tool in ancestral healing. By sharing the stories of their ancestors, individuals can gain a better understanding of their family history and the patterns that may be influencing their lives. This process helps to humanize the ancestors, making it easier to connect with them and heal any unresolved issues. Practitioners often guide individuals in this storytelling process, helping them to uncover hidden truths and insights.
 

4. Energy Work
Energy work is also integral to shamanic ancestral healing. Practitioners may use techniques such as soul retrieval, where lost fragments of a person's soul are recovered and reintegrated, or extraction, where negative energies or entities are removed. These practices help to restore balance and harmony to the individual's energy field, facilitating deeper healing.
 

Benefits of Ancestral Healing
 

Ancestral healing offers numerous benefits, both on a personal and a collective level. Some of the key advantages include:
 

1. Breaking Cycles of Trauma
By addressing the root causes of generational trauma, individuals can break free from destructive patterns that have been passed down through their family line. This can lead to profound personal growth and transformation, as well as healthier relationships and a more positive outlook on life.
 

2. Emotional and Psychological Healing
Ancestral healing can bring about significant emotional and psychological healing. By releasing the burdens of the past, individuals often experience a sense of lightness and freedom. This can result in improved mental health, increased self-esteem, and a greater capacity for joy and fulfillment.
 

3. Spiritual Growth and Connection
Connecting with one's ancestors can deepen one's spiritual practice and sense of belonging. It can provide a greater understanding of one's place in the world and a stronger connection to the spiritual realm. This connection can be a source of guidance, strength, and inspiration.
 

4. Physical Healing
In some cases, ancestral healing can also lead to physical healing. Many physical ailments have emotional or psychological roots, and by addressing these underlying issues, individuals may experience relief from chronic pain or illness. This holistic approach recognizes the interconnectedness of mind, body, and spirit.
 

Relevance in Contemporary Life
 

In today's fast-paced and often disconnected world, the practice of ancestral healing is more relevant than ever. Many people are seeking ways to reconnect with their roots and find meaning in their lives. Ancestral healing offers a pathway to do so, providing a sense of continuity and connection with the past. Moreover, as the awareness of generational trauma and its impact on mental health grows, ancestral healing provides valuable tools for addressing these deep-seated issues. It offers a holistic approach that complements modern therapeutic practices, providing a more comprehensive understanding of healing.
 

Integrating Ancestral Healing into Modern Practice
 

For those interested in exploring ancestral healing, there are several ways to integrate this practice into modern life:
 

1. Seeking a Shamanic Practitioner
Working with a trained shamanic practitioner can provide valuable guidance and support in the ancestral healing process. These practitioners have the expertise to navigate the spiritual realms and facilitate healing in a safe and effective manner.
 

2. Participating in Workshops and Retreats
Many organizations offer workshops and retreats focused on shamanic practices, including ancestral healing. These immersive experiences can provide a deeper understanding of the techniques and allow individuals to experience the benefits firsthand.
 

3. Personal Practice
Individuals can also explore ancestral healing on their own through personal practice. This might include creating a sacred space at home, performing rituals, or engaging in meditation and journeying. Reading books and resources on shamanic practices can also provide valuable insights and guidance.
 

Conclusion
 

The shamanic practice of ancestral healing is a powerful and transformative approach to addressing the wounds of the past and fostering holistic well-being. By connecting with our ancestors, we can gain profound insights, release old traumas, and experience deep healing on multiple levels. Whether through the guidance of a shamanic practitioner or personal exploration, ancestral healing offers a path to greater understanding, connection, and liberation. In a world where many are seeking meaning and healing, this ancient practice provides timeless wisdom and a profound sense of belonging.

"The Shamanic Drum" Audiobook Release

I am excited to announce the release of the audiobook version of my bestselling books The Shamanic Drum: A Guide to Sacred Drumming and Shamanic Drumming: Calling the Spirits. The Shamanic Drum is my definitive guide to shamanic drumming, a form of repetitive rhythmic drumming. Its purpose is to induce ecstatic trance states in order to access innate wisdom and guidance. The essence of shamanism is the experience of direct revelation from within. Shamanism is about remembering, exploring and developing the true self. Shamanic practice heightens the ability of perception and enables you to see into the deeper realms of the self. Once connected with your inner self, you can find help, healing and a continual source of guidance. To practice shamanism is to reconnect with your deepest core values and your highest vision of who you are and why you are here.

Drawing from 30 years of shamanic practice and teaching, I present the first practical guide to applying this ancient healing art to our modern lives. Through a series of simple exercises and lessons, I teach the basic shamanic methods of drumming. The focus is on creating sacred space, journeying, power practice, power animals, drum circles and the therapeutic effects of drumming. There are no prerequisites to learning shamanic drumming. Whether you are an accomplished percussionist or a total beginner, this user-friendly book will help you harness the power of drumming. Listen to a sample of The Shamanic Drum.

In my book Shamanic Drumming: Calling the Spirits, I recount my journey into shamanic practice and explore what someone should do if they feel the call to become a shaman. Many people in today's world are being called by spirit to become shamans. A yearning exists deep within many of us to reconnect to the natural world. It is a call to a life lived in balance with awareness of nature, of spirit, and of self. Following up on my book, The Shamanic Drum, I provide a new series of exercises and lessons that allow for a deeper understanding and utilization of this core shamanic practice. I have written a guide to becoming a shamanic healer that encompasses the power of the drum, of community, and of the accountability inherent in authentic shamanic practice.

This empowering book is a call to build relationships with helping spirits. Spirit helpers are the caretakers in the unseen world who want to support the earth and her inhabitants at this time. They are here to teach us how to gather wisdom from the spiritual realms, the natural world, the past, the present and the future in order to give birth to new ways of being. The shamanic relationship between humans and helping spirits supports our spirit's quest for self-realization. Helping spirits, if engaged regularly and skillfully, offer flexibility, creativity and perseverance in fulfilling our own unique path. The spirits are here to assist us in doing the principal, unique thing we have come here to do in a way that benefits all living things. Listen to a sample of Shamanic Drumming.

Virtual Voice Narration

These audiobooks use Virtual Voice narration. Virtual Voice is a computer-generated speech technology designed explicitly to create Audible audiobooks. Audible is an Amazon-owned company renowned for its vast library of audiobooks. Audible's Virtual Voice is a cutting-edge technology that utilizes advanced artificial intelligence (AI) to generate lifelike voice narrations for audiobooks. Unlike traditional methods that require human narrators, Virtual Voice can create high-quality narrations using synthesized voices. This technology leverages deep learning and natural language processing (NLP) to produce voices that sound remarkably human.  

One of the significant advantages of Virtual Voice is the consistency it offers. Human narrators, while talented, can introduce variability in their performances due to factors like mood, health, or fatigue. Virtual Voice eliminates these inconsistencies, ensuring that every chapter of a book is narrated with the same level of quality and energy. I was hesitant to publish any of my books using Virtual Voice, however the quality of the narration is much better than I could have ever imagined it would be. 

The Rise of Audiobooks 

In the fast-paced digital age, the way we consume content has significantly evolved. Audiobooks, once considered a niche market, have surged in popularity, providing a convenient and engaging way for people to enjoy literature. Audiobooks have grown exponentially over the past decade, thanks in part to the proliferation of smartphones and the increasing popularity of multitasking. People can now listen to books while commuting, exercising, or performing household chores. This convenience has turned audiobooks into a preferred medium for many readers. Audible has been at the forefront of this transformation, offering a vast selection of titles across various genres. 

For those who listen to audiobooks, the arrival of Virtual Voice will be seamless to the existing customer experience. Audible users will be able to easily discover and enjoy audiobooks featuring virtual voices, and audiobooks created with Virtual Voice will be clearly marked to avoid any confusion with traditional, human-narrated audiobooks. Customers will be able to listen to samples prior to purchase, just like with any other audiobook, and decide for themselves whether they want to give this new technology a chance. Whether you're a long-time audiobook enthusiast or a newcomer to the format, Virtual Voice promises to enhance your listening experience in ways you never imagined.

Wisdom of the Thunder Beings

The Thunder Beings are a related family of divine beings who bring about weather changes such as thunder, lightning, wind and rain. Through their power abiding in the atmosphere, they sustain the Earth and protect the people. Through lightning, they directly purify the air we breathe, the water we drink, and the earth we cultivate. They create a world-wide lightning display that produces and maintains the heartbeat frequency (Schumann resonance) of the Earth's electromagnetic grid. Their holy medicine includes creativity, fertility, protection, peace, harmony, balance, compassion, wisdom, enlightenment, death and rebirth. Through the Thunder Beings, all life has been created, is sustained and will be destroyed. They sustain balance and destroy imbalance, the cause of suffering.
 

From time immemorial, people have worshiped the Thunder Beings. They are the source of all ideological, religious and spiritual transmission. The early cultures attribute their belief systems to the teachings of rain gods and goddesses. Their myths tell of how rain deities created the world, humans and all life. They came down to Earth in the distant past and gave humanity language, law, the arts, spiritual sciences, wisdom and knowledge. The Thunder Beings were instrumental in teaching their mortal cousins how to properly honor and commune with the spirits to gain their blessings.
 

The core beliefs and principles of all spiritual cultural traditions come from the Thunder Beings. The Native American spiritual traditions originated from the rain deities known as Wakinyan, Animiki and Kachinas. The Mongolian shamanic traditions originated from the sky deity known as Tengri. The Maya shamanic traditions originated from the lightning deities known as Chaac, K'awiil and Yaluk. The Chinese Taoist traditions originated from a thunder god known as Lei Kung. The Australian Aboriginal shamanic traditions originated from the cloud and rain spirits known as Wandjina. They are the roots of all integral shamanic and wisdom traditions.  
 

Among the Yoruba people of West Africa, the orisha (god) of thunder is known as Shango. Shango is renowned for his oshe, a double-headed battle-ax, as well as the double-headed bata drum he uses to summon rain storms. The orishas are the powerful divine spirits of the Yoruba religion. They are the creator and sustainer of all things. They are the manifestations of primordial energies, both creative and destructive. They are the conduits by which life and all cultural wisdom entered the world. Like all of the Yoruba gods, Shango is both a deified historical ancestor and a divine natural spiritual force. Orishas enter the mortal world, complete epic feats, live, die and then are reincarnated into the world to complete even more amazing tasks. They are immortal energies that represent a core part of Yoruba philosophy and belief.
 

Every spring, the Lakota people gather at Black Elk Peak in the sacred Paha Sapa (Black Hills) for the "Welcome Back the Thunders" ceremony. The Lakota ceremonial season begins with the return of the Wakinyan or Thunder Beings. According to legend, the Wakinyan are huge winged beings that humans cannot see because they are shielded by thick clouds. Thunder is made by the sound of their voices, and lightning is created when they open and close their eyes. The Wakinyan created wild rice and gave the Lakota the spear, the tomahawk and pigments to make them impervious to weapons. The annual vernal equinox ceremony ends with Lakota teens carrying a sacred pipe and food offerings to the top of Black Elk Peak. As the highest point in the Paha Sapa, the Lakota consider it to be the most appropriate spot to bring prayers to Wakan Tanka (Great Mystery).
 

Among the Pueblo people of the American Southwest, the deities known as kachinas bring the rain for their three main crops: corn, beans and squash. Puebloans believe that kachinas are divine spirits present in features of the natural world such as clouds, winds, thunder and rain. They are also ancestral spirits that help connect humans with the spirit world. They come to the human realm to collect the people's prayers and take them back to the spirit realm. The kachinas dwell in sacred mountains and other holy places, but spend half of each year living near Pueblo villages. During this time, the men of kachina societies perform traditional ceremonies linked with the presence of the spirits. They wear costumes and elaborate masks and perform songs and dances associated with specific kachinas. The Puebloans say that during these rituals each dancer is transformed into the spirit being represented.
 

In the Asian traditions, the Thunder Beings are responsible for expressing the higher truth of spiritual reality, safeguarding it and disseminating it for the benefit of all beings. The essence of the Asian spiritual traditions is the direct experience of enlightenment--of perfect tranquility and unconditional bliss. This experience is fully attained through the Thunder Beings by virtue of their mystical thunder and lightning blessings. In Tantric Buddhism, their names and images are used in visualization-based meditations to awaken the mind. Through the proper use of these images and sacred sound in meditation, we can liberate our minds from suffering.
 

The Thunder Beings are invisible, yet out of compassion they reveal themselves through thunder, lightning, wind and rain. Their visible manifestation or mystical visitation is universally one of storm-display. Even though there is great destructive rage in storms, in truth this is merely a means of ushering in peace, of clearing great obstructions. Everything that the Thunder Beings do has the effect of bringing about peace and harmony.
 

Thunder Beings are perfect and beyond suffering. Nature is their manifestation; it is quite beautiful and harmonious. Where there is calamity, the cause is poor human activity, such as war, pollution and environmental devastation. There is little peace on Earth because there is little peace in our hearts. In order to establish it, we must diligently work for it through meditation and through compassionate activity. Meditation--whether it's silent or drumming up a storm--increases our wisdom and insight, our capacity to be of true help to others. Wisdom is the light of the Thunder Beings shining through our heart. It is the lightning within us striking its way out.

Shamanism and Music

Shamanism and music combined thousands of years ago. By observing nature, shamans perceived that the power of sound could be used to help and heal others. The first drums and musical instruments were put to shamanic use, as were many of the early singing traditions. According to Tuvan musicologist Kira Van Deusen, "In a shaman's world music operates in several ways. It helps the shaman and other participants in a ceremony to locate and enter the inner world, opening the inner, spiritual ear and eye. Musical sound calls helping spirits and transports the shaman on the journey. Both the rhythm and the timbre of musical sound help heal the patient through the effects of specific frequencies and musical styles on the human body."(1)

Music is an essential tool in shamanic ritual and healing work. Music is the carrier of the specific intention or desired outcome of the ritual. Music is used to contain the energetic or spiritual aspect of the sacred space, which is defined physically by the assembled people who participate. Dance and song propel the ritual process forward by providing a vehicle for self-expression within the sacred space. Together the musicians create the necessary container that channels the energy generated by the performance in ways that the shaman can guide toward the ritual's intended outcome.
 

Three elements are constantly interacting in communal healing rites: the shaman who guides the flow and pattern of the ritual, the musicians who contain the sacred space, and the gathered people who participate. Interaction between all three elements is necessary to maintain the energy, flow and intention of the ritual.
 

Music is also used to crack open the part of the self that holds emotions in check. For example, in funeral rites among the Dagara people of West Africa, drumming and singing are used to open the mourners to grief. Grief is then channeled in such a way that it will convey the newly deceased soul to the afterlife. Without the help of the drummers, musicians and singers, the powerful emotional energy cannot be unleashed. If not channeled properly, grief is useless to the dead and dangerous to the living. According to Christina Pratt, author of An Encyclopedia of Shamanism, "This musical container of the ritual space must be maintained continuously. The musicians do not rest as long as the ritual continues, though the ritual may last one to four full days."(2)
 

Shamanic Music
 

Shamanic music is traditionally performed as part of a shamanic ritual; however, it is not a musical performance in the normal sense. According to Scottish percussionist Ken Hyder, who has studied with Siberian shamans, "musical considerations are minimal in shamanic performance. The shaman's focus is on the spiritual intention or the energy of what is being played. When the performer concentrates on the spiritual aspect of playing, it allows the music to become very loose, spontaneous, and innovative." Hyder explains, "My approach to music making changed decisively following my experiences in Siberia. For me it starts with the dungur [drum] and the expanded possibilities of variation arising from its superficially apparent instability. And it continues to open up with other musicians being equally free in themselves and in the context of a group. That opening up has the capacity to expand and expand further making the playing fresh, different and spontaneous each time."(3)
 

Shamanic music is improvised by the shaman to modify movement and change while actively journeying into the spirit world. It is a musical expression of the soul, supporting the shamanic flight of the soul. Sacred music is directed more to the spirit world than to an audience. The shaman's attention is directed inwards towards communication with the spirits, rather than outwards to any listeners who might be present.
 

Another way that the shaman expresses their experiences in the spirit world is through their physical movements in this reality. In their journeys, shamans are often flying, running, crouching, stalking and fighting unseen spirits. All of these movements are acted out for all to see in a shamanic performance.
 
A shaman uses various ways of making sounds to communicate with the spirits, as well as relate the tone and content of the inner trance experience in real time. Sound is regarded as one of the most effective ways of establishing connections with the spirit realm, since it travels through space, permeates visual and physical barriers, and conveys information from the unseen world. Shamans may chant, clap their hands, imitate the sounds of birds and animals, or play various instruments. Of particular importance are the shaman's drum and song.
 

Each shaman has his or her own song. It announces the shaman to the spirits and proclaims, "this is me; please help me." The song is usually sung near the beginning of the ritual and is often accompanied by drumming. Singing brings the heartbeat and body into resonance with the song similar to entrainment with the pulse of the drum. As the shaman's song invokes the intended spirits, the shaman comes into resonance with these spirit energies as well.

Shamanic experience can be expressed in many ways: through writing, art, and film, however it must be created after the fact. The one artistic medium which can be used to immediately express shamanic trance without disrupting the quality of the shamanic experience is music. The shaman's use of sound and rhythm is an audible reflection of their inner environment. This is the traditional method for integrating shamanic experience into both physical space and the cultural group.

1. Kira Van Deusen, Singing Story, Healing Drum: Shamans and Storytellers of Turkic Siberia (McGill-Queen's Press, 2005), p 108.
2. Christina Pratt, An Encyclopedia of Shamanism (The Rosen Publishing Group, 2007), p. 128.
3. Ken Hyder, Shamanism and Music in Siberia: Drum and Space. Tech. 11 Aug. 2008. Web. 28 Feb. 2012.

Myth as a Map for Inner Journeys

Shamanism is based on the principle that innate wisdom and guidance can be accessed through the inner senses in ecstatic trance. Ecstatic trance is an academic term referring to those inwardly focused experiences of cosmic oneness, that mystical connection to a living, intelligent Universe that exists within each of us. Practitioners enter altered states of consciousness in order to perceive and interact with the inner world of the self. The act of entering an ecstatic trance state is called the soul flight or shamanic journey. 

 

The capacity to enter a range of trance states is a natural manifestation of human consciousness. A landmark study by Michael Winkelman, one of the foremost scholars on shamanism today, reveals that the cross-cultural manifestations of basic experiences related to shamanism (e.g., soul flight, death-and-rebirth, animal identities) are rooted in innate functions of the brain, mind and consciousness.(1) The inherent ability to enter trance states makes us human, not shamans. What makes shamans unique is their mastery over an otherwise normal human trait. It requires a great deal of training, practice and devotion to master any expressive art. Shamans master the art of ecstasy to see the true nature of the Universe.
 

Rhythmic drumming is a simple and effective way to induce ecstatic trance states. When a drum is played at an even tempo of three to four beats per second for at least 15 minutes, most people can journey successfully even on their first attempt. Transported by the driving beat of the drum, the journeyer travels to the inner planes of consciousness, using myth as an inner map to guide their journey. Myth is the reality of the soul, just as history is the reality of the temporal world.
 

The Shaman's Mythic Cosmos
 

According to shamanic cosmology, there are three inner planes of consciousness: the Upper, Middle and Lower Worlds. There are numerous levels in both the Lower and Upper Worlds and they exist outside of time. The upper or celestial realm is the home of the Star Nations and Thunder Beings--a related family of divine beings who bring about weather changes and sustain life on Earth. This shamanic realm relates to our higher self or superconsciousness. It is the domain of divine archetypes such as angels, deities and evolved teachers. They may include great spiritual teachers such as Jesus, Buddha, Lao-Tzu, and so on. In this realm are the archetypal patterns or original energetic blueprints of everything that has or will ever exist. The celestial realm forms the matrix of possibilities that correspond to the world we experience through our mind and senses. All situations, conditions and states of being are a manifestation of a world of archetypes--as above, so below. Every event in the visible world is the effect of a "seed" image or pattern in the unseen world.

We can journey to the Upper World to acquire archetypal knowledge, to bring a vision into being, or to influence events in the material world. By interacting with the archetypes, we interact with their counterparts in the outer world. We can also go there for inspiration, insight, or to find ways to restore balance in the world. As anthropologist Felicitas Goodman points out, "One of the most pervasive traditions of shamanic cultures is the insight that there exists a patterned cosmological order, which can be disturbed by human activity."(2) When harmony between the human realm and the original intended pattern is disturbed, we can journey to the celestial realm to bring back the balance. To journey up, you can visualize a tree or ladder that you climb up, soar on the wings of an eagle, or simply lift off the ground and rise into the air. Once you get to the upper realm, the landscape is typically more ethereal, higher in frequency and scintillating in light.

The Middle World is where spirit meets matter and is related to our ego or conscious self. The Middle World can be thought of as a non-ordinary mirror of ordinary reality. It is the spirit counterpart of the material realm and the inner region most like outer reality. The middle realm is so parallel to the world in which we live that a skilled journeyer can travel across it and visit all the places, people and things they know in ordinary reality. Spirit journeys in the Middle World provide a means of travel and communication without cars, planes or cell phones. It is a means of exploring our temporal landscape to find the location of healing herbs or lost objects, or to establish communication links over great distances.

To take a Middle World journey, simply imagine yourself walking out your front door and traveling through the landscape very quickly to look for something you have lost or to reach a distant destination. However, I do not recommend journeying to the Middle World unless you have a very good reason to go there. Unlike the upper and lower realms, where everything is guided by benevolence, the middle realm does not have benevolence or ethics at its core. That does not mean that it is a bad place. Rather, it is a place that mirrors what is happening in ordinary reality--the chaos of our times. It is a place full of risks and hidden dangers, such as holes in the ground that can entrap you. Traveling in this realm can be tricky even for an experienced journeyer. Moreover, the spirits who dwell in this realm cannot provide the wisdom, healing and empowerment you find in the Upper or Lower Worlds.
 

The Lower World relates to our unconscious mind. It is the realm of animal spirits, spirit guides and the ancestors, the place to which human spirits travel upon physical death. This inner plane is the domain of power animals, also known as guardian spirits, spirit allies, totem animals and tutelary animals. A power animal is the primeval oversoul that represents the entire species of that animal. A spirit journey to the Lower World is generally undertaken to seek the help and guidance of one's power animal, to connect with benevolent ancestors, to recover lost power, or to find and return a sick person's wandering spirit. Moreover, just to clear up any misconceptions, the shamanic underworld is not associated with anything dark, sinister or evil. That concept belongs to a completely different, often monotheistic religious belief system and cosmology.

For your first journeys, I recommend traveling to the Lower World, using the technique taught by the late Michael Harner. Founder of The Foundation for Shamanic Studies, Harner was widely acknowledged as the world's foremost authority on experiential and practical shamanism. To take a Lower World journey, Harner suggests that you visualize an opening into the earth that you remember from sometime in your life. The entrance could be an animal burrow, hollow tree stump, cave, and so on. When the journey begins, you will go down the hole and a tunnel will appear. The tunnel often appears ribbed and may bend or spiral around. This tunnel-like imagery is related to the central axis that links the three inner planes of consciousness. Enter the tunnel and you will emerge into the Lower World. The terrain that you traverse is typically very natural and very Earth-like.

 

The three cosmic realms are linked together by a vertical axis that is commonly referred to as the World Tree or axis mundi. The roots of the cosmic World Tree touch the Lower World. Its trunk is the Middle World, and its branches hold up the Upper World. This central axis (spinal column) exists within each of us. Through the sound of the drum, which is invariably made of wood from the World Tree, the shaman is transported to the cosmic axis within and conveyed from plane to plane. As Tuvan Siberian ethnomusicologist Valentina Suzukei explains, "There is a bridge on these sound waves so you can go from one world to another. In the sound world, a tunnel opens through which we can pass, or the shaman's spirits come to us. When you stop playing the drum, the bridge disappears."(3)

 

The Inner Journey

 

The shaman traverses the inner planes in order to mediate between the needs of the spirit world and those of the material world. It is an inward spiritual journey of rapture in which the shaman interacts with the inner spirit world, thereby influencing the outer material world. In the shaman's world, all human experience is self-generated. Experience is shaped from within since the three realms or resonant fields that define our experience of reality exist within each of us.

 

The essence of shamanism is the experience of direct revelation from within. Shamanism is about remembering, exploring and developing the true self. Shamanism places emphasis on the individual, of breaking free and discovering one's own uniqueness in order to bring something new back to the community. Shamanic practice heightens the ability of perception and enables you to see into the deeper realms of the self. Once connected with your inner self, you can find help, healing and a continual source of guidance. To practice shamanism is to reconnect with your deepest core values and your highest vision of who you are and why you are here.

 

We can engage the blueprint of our soul path through the vehicle of journeying. Shamanic journeying is a time-tested medium for individual self-realization. We can journey within to access wisdom and energies that can help awaken our soul calling and restore us to wholeness. It heightens our sense of mission and purpose, empowering our personal evolution. I invite you to try a shamanic journey.

1. Michael Winkelman, Shamanism: A Biopsychosocial Paradigm of Consciousness and Healing (Praeger, 2 edition 2010), p. 38.
2. Felicitas D. Goodman, Jewels on the Path: A Spirit Notebook, vol. II (Cuyamungue Institute, 1994), p. 55.
3. Kira Van Deusen, "Shamanism and Music in Tuva and Khakassia," Shaman's Drum, No. 47, Winter 1997, p. 24.

Honoring the Spirits of the Home

Shamanism is a way of perceiving the nature of the universe in a way that incorporates the normally invisible world where the spirits of all material things dwell. Shamans have different terms and phrases for the unseen world, but most of them clearly imply that it is the realm where the spirits of the land, animals, ancestors, and other spiritual entities dwell. Spirit encompasses all the immaterial forms of life energy that surround us. We are woven together into a net of life energies that are all around us. These energies can appear to us in different forms, such as spirits of the land or spirits of the home. Spirits of the home are the spirits that inhabit our place of refuge: where we live, where we work and where we play. These kinds of spirits share our homes with us and help us in our times of need.
 

Honoring the spirits that share our homes is important for our well-being. House spirits in many ways are the heart of the house itself and can affect the home's atmosphere as well as influencing the occupant’s moods and physical health. All homes have spirits, and in many cases there are layers of spirits. Spirits of the home are the echoes of people, of events, of ideas which have become imprinted upon a location, for better or for worse. House spirits may manifest as vague feelings or impressions associated with an area, but more often they appear with a clear physical form. Spirits of the home may be the manifestation of a home's spirit or they may be a spirit that is strongly tied to a home, but either way they have the ability to influence a person or family's luck, health, and mood. Most homes will have several different spirits associated with them, usually at least one with the home itself and in homes with an attached yard possibly more.
 

Honoring the spirits of a home is much easier than most people realize. It requires being open and aware of their presence without judgment or expectation. Know that the spirits are there and acknowledge their presence. Be respectful of them in word and action. Here are some good ways to honor the spirits of your home:
 

Cleanse Your Home
 

Honoring the spirits of your home begins with cleansing your abode. Your house holds the energies of all your emotional ups and downs. It collects the energies of all of your houseguests, domestic disputes, family emergencies, holidays, and so on. Picking up negative energy that is not ours can make us less balanced and can cause blockages to the natural flow of energy in our body. We may feel tired, unbalanced, anxious, depressed or even sick. The most important thing you can do is to smudge yourself and your home each day. Smudging is a method of using smoke from burning herbs to dispel negative energy. Sage, cedar and sweetgrass are traditionally used for smudging. To smudge, light the dried herbs in a fire-resistant receptacle, and then blow out the flames. Then use a feather or your hands to fan the smoke around your body and home. I recommend cracking a window or door for ventilation and for releasing unwanted energies.
 

Bless Your Home
 

Blessing a home, similar to cleansing one, is merely working to keep certain energies flowing within the house. We perform blessings on our homes to attract harmony, happiness, and prosperity to our dwelling and that can be done as often as we feel the need to. Many shamanic practitioners recommend the use of holy or consecrated water for blessing a home. The practice of charging water with intention, words, and sound is widely practiced in indigenous cultures throughout the world. In fact, people have believed in our ability to influence water since the days of antiquity. The Christian tradition is the obvious example, with the ongoing performing of rituals that turn regular water into holy water. Essentially, holy water is water with salt added during a rite of blessing. Learn how to make your own consecrated water, and use it for cleansing, protection and blessing. Pour some holy water into a spray bottle. To bless and protect your home, spray holy water around the perimeter of your dwelling and yard. You can also incorporate an incantation or spoken prayer into your blessing. This can be as simple as saying, "I bless this home with happiness. I bless this home with love. I bless this home with prosperity…"
 

Make Offerings to the Spirits
 

Offerings are a beautiful way to acknowledge and honor your household spirits. Giving and receiving are an essential part of any relationship. Anything can be used as an offering, but food is common in many cultures across the world. A simple way to incorporate food as an offering is to simply leave a portion of your meal for the spirits near the hearth or on an altar. An altar is any structure upon which we place offerings and sacred objects that have spiritual or cosmological significance. It represents the center and axis of your sacred space. A simple altar can be created with a cloth, a candle and other symbols that mean something to you. Offerings can be made weekly, monthly or annually and might include fresh flowers, herbs, incense, fruits, milk, or wine. The offerings serve as an acknowledgement and sign of gratitude for the spirits presence and beneficial activity.
 

Listen to the Spirits
 

Developing a relationship with your house and its spirit is very important for your home is your sanctuary; it keeps you safe and warm and protected from the elements. Let your home speak to you. As shamanic practitioners, we are often able to hear things that others cannot. And we know that it is not uncommon for spirits to speak up when they want something specific. Our houses can be the same way. Take some time to sit quietly in your house and listen to it. Be open to communication and let it tell you what color walls it was happiest with, what kind of music it prefers, or what holiday traditions it was fondest of; and let these messages guide your offerings.

 

As with any relationship it takes time and effort to build a connection with your house spirit, but it is worthwhile. Most home spirits are more open to human connection than the spirits of the land. Keep in mind that spirits choose to come into relationship with the person seeking. You can seek a connection, but the spirits must choose. Respect and connection to spirits is what makes for an authentic relationship, which is what the shamanic practitioner yearns for in a society that has severed itself from nature and spirit. Humans have lost touch with the spirit world and the wisdom of inner knowing. The spirits, however, have not forgotten us. They are calling us to a path of environmental sanity, to rejoining the miraculous cycle of nature.

Calling the Spirits

The opening of sacred space for ceremony or spiritual work is essentially an invocation, calling in the spiritual energies of the seven directions: East, South, West, North, Above, Below, and Within. Calling the spirits is an ancient shamanic rite that is practiced cross-culturally to access and honor the powers of creation. Inviting their presence, participation, and assistance not only aligns us with their power, but also is a way of giving energy that helps revitalize these primal forces. 

Calling in the directions is a spiritual activity in and of itself. The orientation embeds you in the living web of life, yielding greater awareness and perspective. It imparts a comprehensive recollection of the basic experience of being fully human. The ritual grounds you completely into the present moment to begin your day or to begin a specific shamanic practice. 

The specific words of your invocation to the spirits do not matter. What matters is that your prayer comes from the heart. You must show the spirit world you have passion and heart. The energy that comes in from the source is directed through our hearts. Your heart must be clear and open in order to receive spirit. You must open the heart, empty the mind, and go deep within. 

Make sure you have everything you need before starting. Gather together your ritual items and set up an altar. Although an altar is not essential, it provides us with a focus to pray, meditate, and listen. An altar is any structure upon which we place offerings and sacred objects that have spiritual or cosmological significance. It represents your world center. I use a Navajo rug for my altar. I lay the rug in the center of my sacred space and place a stone, a vessel of water, a lit candle, and a feather upon it to represent the four elements: earth, water, fire, and air. You can also place photos of loved ones on your altar so that they are included in your prayers.

1. To perform this ritual, relax, purify (smudge), and center yourself as you would for other spiritual work. When you are ready, begin your invocation. There are no rules or restrictions governing this process. On most occasions, a sacred circle is cast in a sun wise direction, whether in the northern or southern hemispheres. Some people like to start in the direction of the current season: Spring = East, Summer = South, Fall = West, and Winter = North; however, I usually begin by calling the spirits of the East.

2. In a group ritual, I like to have the participants stand in a circle or medicine wheel and face each direction in unison. Use your right hand, or hold a feather in your right hand, to fan smudge offerings to the East. You can also offer a pinch of tobacco or corn meal to each direction. An offering is usually made with the right hand. If you have a rattle, shake it four times to open a portal in the East to the spirit world. Using words, chanting, or song, invite the benevolent spirit powers associated with that direction to participate and assist in the ceremony. Welcome the spirits with an open heart and mind. Some people will whistle or make animal sounds to call in spirit helpers. Trust your instincts and intuition in this process.

3. Pause after calling the spirit helpers of the East and listen for any guidance or wisdom that direction has to share. The spirits will always respond when you call them. Sound does not just travel out into oblivion. There is a call and then a response. Pay attention to any guidance that comes to you. Communication may enter your awareness as a flash of color in your mind's eye, a visual symbol, a tingling of the spine or an inaudible sound heard deep within your soul. It may be visual, auditory, intuitive, or some combination of these. Sometimes it is just a knowing that your helping spirits and guides are now around you. You may feel energy flowing into your hands, feet, or arms or showering down through your crown. When I channel spirit energy, I often feel chills and goosebumps.

4. Next, pivot around clockwise and repeat the same procedure to summon the spirits of the South, the West, and the North. After that, summon Father Sky above and Mother Earth below. When invoking Father Sky, reach to the heavens; when invoking Mother Earth, reach down and touch the ground where you stand.

5. Finally, face the center of the circle (if you are in a group or in a medicine wheel) and bring your hands to your heart to invite the spirit of Within. Call upon the spirit of divine unity that flows from within the center of your being where the six directions meet. Welcome the gifts of balance, oneness, and connection with all things, for all things are one and all things are related.  

6. When you have finished your spiritual work, sacred space must be closed. Follow the same procedure as for the opening, but in reverse order. Begin by thanking the spiritual energies of Within, Mother Earth and Father Sky, and then the North, West, South and East in a counterclockwise movement. Shake your rattle to say farewell to the spirits. As you rattle, give thanks to all your relations for the needs met. The phrase "all my relations" is used at the end of a prayer in many shamanic traditions, for all living things share in the relationships of life on Earth. Express your gratitude to the archetypal elements and helping spirits for being with you and send them off, releasing their energies to the seven directions.

Honoring the Ancestors on Samhain

Samhain, or Halloween as it is now called, is a celebration observed in many countries on October 31, the eve of the Western Christian feast of All Saints' Day. It begins the observance of Allhallowtide, the time in the liturgical year dedicated to remembering the dead, including saints (hallows), martyrs, and all the faithful departed. The origins of Halloween customs are typically linked to the Gaelic festival Samhain. Samhain is one of the four cross-quarter days (the midpoint between two seasons) in the medieval Gaelic calendar. Samhain marked the end of the harvest season and beginning of winter or the 'darker half' of the year. It was seen as a liminal (or threshold) time, when the "veil" or boundary between the world of the living and the world of the dead is at its thinnest, making it easier to communicate with those who have left this world. It is also the season of divination, using the connection across the thin veil to ask the spirits for answers. 

According to Irish mythology, Samhain (like Beltane) was a time when the 'doorways' to the Otherworld opened, allowing supernatural beings and the souls of the dead to come into our world. Samhain was essentially a festival for the dead. Samhain was marked by great gatherings and feasts and was when the ancient burial mounds were open, which were seen as portals to the Otherworld. Some Neolithic passage tombs in Ireland are aligned with the sunrise at the time of Samhain. The souls of dead kin were also thought to revisit their homes seeking hospitality, and a place was set at the table for them during a meal. Mumming and guising were part of the festival from at least the early modern era, whereby people went door-to-door in costume reciting verses in exchange for food.
 

Honoring and Connecting with the Ancestors
 

To honor your forebears, create an ancestor altar with a cloth, a candle and photos of those loved ones who have passed, whether that be ancestors of blood or kin. Include memorabilia and other items that you connect with the departed, and light the candle. You can spend some time with each picture and with each item, connecting with those, or name those ancestors whose names you know followed by "may they be remembered." Dedicate a round of drumming to your ancestors and their memory. When you have finished, put out the candle. You may want to leave the altar in place for the rest of Samhain, or until it feels right to take it down.
 

You can connect with your benevolent ancestors by taking a shamanic journey to the Lower World -- the realm to which departed souls travel upon physical death. The desire to communicate with our ancestors is an innate part of the human experience. Benevolent ancestral spirits can guide, protect and heal the living. Your ancestors and the collective spiritual power of all those who went before you reside in the Lower World. When your own time comes to pass on, you will become part of this vast collective unconscious. If you embark on a journey with the intention of connecting with those who have passed, they may come to meet you. Keep in mind that spirits choose to come into relationship with the person seeking. You can seek ancestral spirits, but the spirits must choose. Have a happy and soulful Samhain!

The Sweat Lodge Ceremony

In September of 1991, I began hosting a weekly teaching sweat lodge ceremony on four acres of secluded, unimproved forest land that my wife and I owned near Bend, Oregon. The ceremonies were conducted by Wasco elder Les Thomas and Oglala Lakota elder Don Fasthorse. Many people gathered to learn, and then left the group to teach others. The sweat lodge or inipi is as a spiritual purification ceremony of rebirth, rejuvenation, emotional release and awakening. The ceremony serves to cleanse the body, mind and spirit while opening a path of communication between the spiritual and earthly realms. The intense heat generated by steam created from pouring water onto heated rocks is meant to encourage a sweating out of toxins and negative energy that create imbalance in life. Sweat lodge ceremonies are traditionally held for a variety of reasons: before warriors go into battle, before and after major rituals like vision quests or for personal purification.

Sweat lodges are unique dome-shaped structures approximately four to five feet high at the center. They are constructed from supple willow branches and covered with rugs, furs and blankets. When a sweat lodge is built according to tradition, it looks like the body of a turtle. This is because the structure represents Turtle Island or Mother Earth. Entering the lodge symbolizes going back into the womb. It provides a safe and secure place to pray for self, others and all our relations. During the ceremony, spirits are invoked, drums are played and songs are sung. Spirits will enter and sing along with the participants and may even talk to them as well. If a person is not ready to hear the spirits, the spirits may not let that person hear them. Only those who are ready to hear the spirits may hear them because that is how compassionate the spirits are.

The Lakota term for sweat lodge is inipi, which translates to "Stone People Lodge." The Stone People, who are often referred to as the "grandfathers," come from the womb of our Mother Earth. The purpose of the inipi is to return to the womb of Maka (Earth) to be recreated. The Stone People become alive again when their spirits come into the Stone People Lodge. Then you can visit with them and tell them your problems. Then the power that pollutes our mind can be released. The fire from the womb of the Earth Mother will come in and destroy bad thoughts and words. Only good thoughts and words will remain. The spirits of the Stone People return our power to us. That's what Spirit does -- the Stone People, fire, water and green (the plants). The inipi is a place of healing, of purification and of prayer for all life.

A sweat lodge typically has four doors (or rounds) to the four directions (or winds), represented with colors, spirit guides and different elements. The number four has long been considered a sacred number in shamanism and Native American spirituality. All events and actions are based on this number because everything was created in fours. The Great Mystery reveals itself as the powers of the four directions, and these four powers provide the organizing principle for everything that exists in the world. There are four winds, four seasons, four elements, four phases of the moon, four stages to humanity's spiritual evolution, and so on.

The whole process is modeled after the Medicine Wheel, which is a universal symbol that can be found in many Indigenous cultures around the world. The Medicine Wheel represents the natural cycles of life and the basic way in which the natural world moves and evolves. The Medicine Wheel represents the archetypal journey each of us takes in life. This journey has four stages or rounds, each associated with a cardinal direction. Four rounds signify fullness, wholeness or completion.